What is Medial Ankle Instability?
Medial ankle instability is a less common but significant condition that affects the inner side of the ankle. It involves the impairment of the medial supporting structures, leading to instability and potential deformity.
What Causes Medial Ankle Instability?
Medial ankle instability often results from an injury to the deltoid ligament or disruption of the tibialis posterior tendon, which can occur due to acute trauma or chronic overuse. Factors like hindfoot valgus deformity can also contribute to the development of this condition.
What are the Symptoms of Medial Ankle Instability?
Symptoms may include a sensation of the ankle 'giving way' medially, pain at the anteromedial aspect of the ankle, swelling, and difficulty walking on uneven surfaces or inclines. Some patients may also experience pain on the lateral side during dorsiflexion.
How is Medial Ankle Instability Diagnosed?
Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, assessment of the patient's history, and imaging studies such as X-rays or MRI to evaluate the condition of the ligaments and the alignment of the ankle.
How is Medial Ankle Instability Treated?
Treatment may include conservative approaches like physical therapy, orthotics, and anti-inflammatory medications. In cases where conservative treatment is ineffective, surgical intervention may be necessary to repair or reconstruct the damaged ligaments and correct any associated deformities.
